There are two main types:
Remote access. Allows you to connect to the corporate network via a private encrypted tunnel. This is relevant when working with an unreliable access point like public Wi-Fi;
"Node-node". It is used mainly in a corporate environment, in particular, when a company has several offices with different locations. It connects the main office with the branches: this creates a closed internal network where all offices are connected to each other.
VPN ( as an example vpnprofy.com ) encrypts data using protocols:
OpenVPN is optimal in terms of a set of characteristics (speed, degree of protection and reliability). It is used as the main one by most VPN services. Its advantage is open source. This allows third-party developers to study it and look for vulnerabilities. If it is found, the owner company is quickly notified of the need to eliminate it;
L2TP/IPsec is the main alternative to OpenVPN. However, his reputation is much lower. Recent leaks suggest that the US National Security Agency (NSA) has encryption keys to it;
IKEv2 - suitable for use on smartphones. The main feature is the ability to automatically reconnect to the network when the connection is broken (for example, in a subway tunnel). Its other advantage is the high data transfer rate. Among the disadvantages are the limited number of compatible operating systems and the complexity of installation;
SSTP is an ideal protocol for working with a Windows computer, officially supported by Microsoft and is its own development. Easy to set up, works fast. The disadvantage is the complexity of installation on other operating systems;
PPTP is a popular and at the same time the most unreliable protocol. It has a high connection speed and an extremely low level of protection.
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