Изучаем английский язык, читая оригиналы.

Ernest Hemingway. The old man and the sea.

ISSUE 26

 

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Произведения данной рассылки адаптируются по методу чтения Ильи Франка следующим образом: текст разбит на отрывки, каждый из которых повторяется дважды: сначала идет английский текст с «подсказками» — с вкрапленным в него дословным русским переводом и лексико-грамматическим комментарием, а затем — тот же текст, но уже неадаптированный, без подсказок.

Начинающие осваивать английский язык могут при этом читать сначала отрывок текста с подсказками, а затем тот же отрывок — без подсказок. Совершенствующие свой английский могут поступать наоборот: читать текст без подсказок, по мере необходимости подглядывая в подсказки.

Запоминание слов и выражений происходит при этом за счет их повторяемости, без зубрежки. Кроме того, читатель привыкает к логике английского языка, начинает его «чувствовать».

Подробнее о методе чтения Ильи Франка вы сможете узнать на его сайте.

Заглядывайте иногда на мою домашнюю страничку. Там вы сможете найти архив рассылки, ознакомиться с дальнейшими планами и, возможно, найти для себя интересную информацию.

Issue #26.

He was stiff and sore now (все его тело ломило и саднило; stiff - жесткий, тугой; sore - больной) and his wounds and all of the strained parts of his body (и его раны и все вымученные части его тела; strained - вымученный ) hurt with the cold of the night (болели от холода ночи). I hope I do not have to fight again (надеюсь, мне не придется снова драться), he thought. I hope so much I do not have to fight again (я очень сильно надеюсь, что мне не придется снова драться).

But by midnight he fought (но к полуночи он дрался) and this time he knew the fight was useless (и на этот раз он знал, что драться бесполезно). They came in a pack (они пришли стаей) and he could only see the lines in the water that their fins made (он видел только следы в воде, которые оставляли их плавники) and their phosphorescence as they threw themselves on the fish (и их свечение, когда они бросались на рыбу). He clubbed at heads (он бил дубиной по головам) and heard the jaws chop (слышал, как щелкают челюсти) and the shaking of the skiff as they took hold below (и чувствовал, как тряслась лодка, когда они хватали рыбу снизу). He clubbed desperately at what he could only feel and hear (он отчаянно бил дубиной по всему, что чувствовал или слышал; desperately - отчаянно, безрассудно) and he felt something seize the club and it was gone (и он почувствовал, как что-то схватило дубину, и она пропала; seize - хватать).

He jerked the tiller free from the rudder (он выдернул румпель из руля) and beat and chopped with it (бил и рубил им), holding it in both hands and driving it down again and again (держа его двумя руками и опуская вниз = нанося удары снова и снова). But they were up to the bow now (но акулы теперь были у носа лодки) and driving in one after the other (и набрасывались /на рыбу/ одна за другой) and together, tearing off the pieces of meat that showed glowing below the sea (и вместе, отрывая куски мяса, которые сияли в море: «под морем») as they turned to come once more (повернулись, чтобы снова вернуться).

sore [sL], desperately [dqspqretli], seize [sJz]

He was stiff and sore now and his wounds and all of the strained parts of his body hurt with the cold of the night. I hope I do not have to fight again, he thought. I hope so much I do not have to fight again.

But by midnight he fought and this time he knew the fight was useless. They came in a pack and he could only see the lines in the water that their fins made and their phosphorescence as they threw themselves on the fish. He clubbed at heads and heard the jaws chop and the shaking of the skiff as they took hold below. He clubbed desperately at what he could only feel and hear and he felt something seize the club and it was gone.

He jerked the tiller free from the rudder and beat and chopped with it, holding it in both hands and driving it down again and again. But they were up to the bow now and driving in one after the other and together, tearing off the pieces of meat that showed glowing below the sea as they turned to come once more.

One came, finally, against the head itself (наконец, одна подошла прямо к голове рыбы) and he knew that it was over (и он знал, что все кончено). He swung the tiller across the shark's head (он изо всех сил ударил по голове акулы) where the jaws were caught in the heaviness of the fish's head (туда, где застряли: «были пойманы» челюсти /акулы/ в крепких костях: «тяжести» головы рыбы) which would not tear (которая не разрывалась). He swung it once and twice and again (он бил ее снова и снова). He heard the tiller break (он услышал, как ломается румпель) and he lunged at the shark with the splintered butt (и он ударил акулу расщепленной рукояткой; lunge - наносить внезапный удар; splinter - щепка). He felt it go in (он почувствовал, как она входит) and knowing it was sharp (и, зная, что она острая) he drove it in again (вонзил ее снова). The shark let go and rolled away (она отпустила рыбу и отплыла). That was the last shark of the pack that came (то была последняя акула из пришедшей стаи). There was nothing more for them to eat (им больше нечего было есть: «еды для них не осталось»).

The old man could hardly breathe now (старик сейчас едва мог дышать) and he felt a strange taste in his mouth (и он почувствовал странный привкус во рту). It was coppery and sweet (он был со вкусом меди и сладкий = он был сладковатый и отдавал медью; copper - медь) and he was afraid of it for a moment (и на минуту он испугался его). But there was not much of it (но его не было много = но он скоро прошел).

He spat into the ocean (он сплюнул в океан) and said, "Eat that (ешьте), galanos. And make a dream you've killed a man (и мечтайте о том, что вы убили человека)."

lunge [lAnG], breathe [brJD], copper [kOpq]

One came, finally, against the head itself and he knew that it was over. He swung the tiller across the shark's head where the jaws were caught in the heaviness of the fish's head which would not tear. He swung it once and twice and again. He heard the tiller break and he lunged at the shark with the splintered butt. He felt it go in and knowing it was sharp he drove it in again. The shark let go and rolled away. That was the last shark of the pack that came. There was nothing more for them to eat.

The old man could hardly breathe now and he felt a strange taste in his mouth. It was coppery and sweet and he was afraid of it for a moment. But there was not much of it.

He spat into the ocean and said, "Eat that, galanos. And make a dream you've killed a man."

He knew he was beaten now finally and without remedy (он знал, что был побежден теперь окончательно и бесповоротно; remedy - лекарство; исправлять положение вещей) and he went back to the stern (он вернулся на корму) and found the jagged end of the tiller (обнаружил, что оторванный конец румпеля; jagged - неровно оторванный, зазубренный) would fit in the slot of the rudder well enough (входит в отверствие руля достаточно хорошо) for him to steer (чтобы он мог править). He settled the sack around his shoulders (он набросил мешок на плечи) and put the skiff on her course (и поставил лодку на курс). He sailed lightly now and he had no thoughts (он шел теперь легко, и у него не было ни мыслей) nor any feelings of any kind (ни каких-либо чувств). He was past everything now (ему теперь было все равно: «он был за пределами всего») and he sailed the skiff to make his home port (и он вел лодку в порт: «домашний порт») as well and as intelligently as he could (так хорошо и умно, как только мог). In the night sharks hit the carcass (ночью акулы накинулись на тушу рыбы) as someone might pick up crumbs from the table (как тот, кто подбирает объедки со стола; crumb - крошка; толика еды). The old man paid no attention to them (старик не обратил на них внимания) and did not pay any attention to anything except steering (и не обращал внимание ни на что, кроме правления лодкой). He only noticed how lightly and how well the skiff sailed now (он только отметил, как легко и свободно теперь идет лодка) there was no great weight beside her (без большого веса позади нее).

She's good (она хорошая /лодка/), he thought. She is sound and not harmed in any way except for the tiller (она цела: «здорова» и никак не повреждена, только румпель). That is easily replaced (его легко заменить).

He could feel he was inside the current now (он чувствовал, что теперь был внутри течения) and he could see the lights of the beach colonies along the shore (и видел огни прибрежных поселков вдоль берега). He knew where he was now (он знал, где он теперь) and it was nothing to get home (и добраться до дому ничего не стоило).

remedy [remqdi], crumb [krAm]

He knew he was beaten now finally and without remedy and he went back to the stern and found the jagged end of the tiller would fit in the slot of the rudder well enough for him to steer. He settled the sack around his shoulders and put the skiff on her course. He sailed lightly now and he had no thoughts nor any feelings of any kind. He was past everything now and he sailed the skiff to make his home port as well and as intelligently as he could. In the night sharks hit the carcass as someone might pick up crumbs from the table. The old man paid no attention to them and did not pay any attention to anything except steering. He only noticed how lightly and how well the skiff sailed now there was no great weight beside her.

She's good, he thought. She is sound and not harmed in any way except for the tiller. That is easily replaced.

He could feel he was inside the current now and he could see the lights of the beach colonies along the shore. He knew where he was now and it was nothing to get home.

The wind is our friend, anyway (в любом случае, ветер - наш друг), he thought. Then he added (затем он добавил), sometimes (иногда /наш друг/). And the great sea with our friends and our enemies (и великое море с нашими друзьями и врагами). And bed (и кровать), he thought. Bed is my friend (кровать - мой друг). Just bed (только кровать), he thought. Bed will be a great thing (лечь в постель - это великое дело: «постель будет великой вещью»). It is easy when you are beaten (это легко, когда ты побежден), he thought. I never knew how easy it was (никогда не знал, что это так легко). And what beat you (и что победило тебя), he thought.

"Nothing," he said aloud. "I went out too far (я просто далеко ушел)."

When he sailed into the little harbour (когда он вошел в маленькую бухту) the lights of the Terrace were out and he knew everyone was in bed (огни на Террасе были потушены, и он знал, что все спали). The breeze bad risen steadily (ветер равномерно усиливался) and was blowing strongly now (и теперь дул сильно). It was quiet in the harbour though (однако в бухте было тихо) and he sailed up onto the little patch of shingle below the rocks (и он подплыл к полосе гальки под скалами; shingle - галька). There was no one to help him (не было никого, кто бы мог помочь ему) so he pulled the boat up as far as he could (поэтому он подплыл: «подтянул лодку» так близко к берегу, как только могу). Then he stepped out and made her fast to a rock (затем он вылез из нее и привязал ее к скале).

He unstepped the mast (он снял мачту) and furled the sail (сверну парус) and tied it (и связал его). Then he shouldered the mast (затем он взвалил мачту на плечи) and started to climb (и начал карабкаться). It was then he knew the depth of his tiredness (тогда он почувствовал, насколько он устал: «глубину своей усталости»). He stopped for a moment and looked back (он остановился на мгновенье и посмотрел назад) and saw in the reflection from the street light (и увидел в свете: «отражении» уличного фонаря) the great tail of the fish (огромный хвост рыбы) standing up well behind the skiff's stern (возвышающийся позади кормы лодки). He saw the white naked line of his backbone (он увидел белую обнаженную линию ее позвоночника) and the dark mass of the head with the projecting bill (и темную тень головы с выдающимся вперед мечом) and all the nakedness between (и всю наготу = пустоту посередине).

shingle [SiNgl], climb [klaim]

The wind is our friend, anyway, he thought. Then he added, sometimes. And the great sea with our friends and our enemies. And bed, he thought. Bed is my friend. Just bed, he thought. Bed will be a great thing. It is easy when you are beaten, he thought. I never knew how easy it was. And what beat you, he thought.

"Nothing," he said aloud. "I went out too far."

When he sailed into the little harbour the lights of the Terrace were out and he knew everyone was in bed. The breeze bad risen steadily and was blowing strongly now. It was quiet in the harbour though and he sailed up onto the little patch of shingle below the rocks. There was no one to help him so he pulled the boat up as far as he could. Then he stepped out and made her fast to a rock.

He unstepped the mast and furled the sail and tied it. Then he shouldered the mast and started to climb. It was then he knew the depth of his tiredness. He stopped for a moment and looked back and saw in the reflection from the street light the great tail of the fish standing up well behind the skiff's stern. He saw the white naked line of his backbone and the dark mass of the head with the projecting bill and all the nakedness between.

He started to climb again (он снова начал взбираться) and at the top he fell (и на вершине он упал) and lay for some time with the mast across his shoulder (и полежал некоторое время с мачтой на плечах). He tried to get up (он попробовал встать). But it was too difficult (но это было слишком сложно) and he sat there with the mast on his shoulder (и он сидел там с мачтой на плечах) and looked at the road (и смотрел на дорогу). A cat passed on the far side going about its business (кошка пробежала по дальней стороне /дороги/ по своим делам) and the old man watched it (и старик наблюдал за ней = проводил ее взглядом). Then he just watched the road (затем он просто смотрел на дорогу).

Finally he put the mast down and stood up (наконец, он положил мачту на землю и встал). He picked the mast up (он поднял мачту) and put it on his shoulder (положил ее себе на плечи) and started up the road (и пошел по дороге). He had to sit down five times before he reached his shack (ему пришлось садиться пять раз, пока он не добрался до хижины).

Inside the shack he leaned the mast against the wall (внутри хижины = оказавшись внутри, он прислонил мачту к стене). In the dark he found a water bottle and took a drink (в темноте он нашел бутылку с водой и сделал глоток). Then he lay down on the bed (затем он лег на кровать). He pulled the blanket over his shoulders (он натянул покрывало на плечи) and then over his back and legs (а затем на спину и ноги) and he slept face down on the newspapers (и он заснул лицом вниз в газеты = уткнувшись лицом в газеты) with his arms out straight and the palms of his hands up (с выпрямленными руками и ладонями рук, поднятыми вверх).

He started to climb again and at the top he fell and lay for some time with the mast across his shoulder. He tried to get up. But it was too difficult and he sat there with the mast on his shoulder and looked at the road. A cat passed on the far side going about its business and the old man watched it. Then he just watched the road.

Finally he put the mast down and stood up. He picked the mast up and put it on his shoulder and started up the road. He had to sit down five times before he reached his shack.

Inside the shack he leaned the mast against the wall. In the dark he found a water bottle and took a drink. Then he lay down on the bed. He pulled the blanket over his shoulders and then over his back and legs and he slept face down on the newspapers with his arms out straight and the palms of his hands up.

He was asleep when the boy looked in the door in the morning (он спал, когда мальчик заглянул утром). It was blowing so hard that the drifting-boats would not be going out (ветер был настолько сильным, что лодки не вышли в море) and the boy had slept late (и мальчик проспал до поздна) and then come to the old man's shack (и затем пошел в хижину старика) as he had come each morning (как делал это каждое утро). The boy saw that the old man was breathing (мальчик увидел, что старик дышит) and then he saw the old man's hands and he started to cry (а затем он увидел руки старика и заплакал: «начал плакать»). He went out very quietly (он вышел наружу очень тихо) to go to bring some coffee (чтобы сходить за кофе) and all the way down the road he was crying (и всю дорогу он плакал).

Many fishermen were around the skiff (вокруг лодки было много рыбаков) looking at what was lashed beside it (которые смотрели на то, чтобы было привязано к ее борту) and one was in the water (один из них был в воде), his trousers rolled up (с закатанными брюками), measuring the skeleton with a length of line (измеряя длину скелета веревкой).

The boy did not go down (мальчик не спустился). He had been there before (он был там раньше) and one of the fishermen was looking after the skiff for him (и один из рыбаков присматривал за лодков ради него).

"How is he (как он)?" one of the fishermen shouted (крикнул один из рыбаков).

"Sleeping (спит)," the boy called. He did not care that they saw him crying (его не волновало, что они видят, как он плачет). "Let no one disturb him (пускай никто его не беспокоит)."

measure [meZq], disturb [di'stWb]

He was asleep when the boy looked in the door in the morning. It was blowing so hard that the drifting-boats would not be going out and the boy had slept late and then come to the old man's shack as he had come each morning. The boy saw that the old man was breathing and then he saw the old man's hands and he started to cry. He went out very quietly to go to bring some coffee and all the way down the road he was crying.

Many fishermen were around the skiff looking at what was lashed beside it and one was in the water, his trousers rolled up, measuring the skeleton with a length of line.

The boy did not go down. He had been there before and one of the fishermen was looking after the skiff for him.

"How is he?" one of the fishermen shouted.

"Sleeping," the boy called. He did not care that they saw him crying. "Let no one disturb him."

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