Выпуск No17 (18) от 2008-04-27 Подписчиков: 1068 чел.
Уважаемые подписчики!
Продолжают приходить письма с просьбой давать тексты для
подготовки. Я уже писала, что в задачи моей рассылки это не входит. Но
просьбы идут.
Изредка я буду давать такие тексты. Они из тестирования
предыдущих лет. Делайте их очень старательно, работайте над ошибками,
постарайтесь понять, что вы не уловили в содержании текста. Но
повторяю, что я буду делать это не часто.
Text 1.
§ 1.In earlier centuries the Antarctic was thought
to be a huge continent. Its existence in the southern hemisphere,
around the South Pole was believed to act as balance to the known
continents in the northern hemisphere. In the 18th century, it was
discovered to be far smaller than people had first thought. This was
after Captain Cook sailed for the first time south of the Antarctic
circle and reached the edge of the ice-pack. A small part of the
ice-covered continent — the coast of Graham Land —
was first seen in 1820. Explorers from various countries saw parts of
the coastline in other areas, but the first large-scale exploration was
made by Captain James Clarke Ross in 1841.
§ 2. With his two ships, Erebus and Terror, he went right into
the Ross Sea and covered the great Ross Ice Barrier. After that,
explorers ignored the Antarctic and there were no further journeys
there until the 1890's, when an international plan was set up. A
Norwegian, C .E .Borchgrevink, was the first person to spend a winter
in the Antarctic and to travel on the ice barrier. He was there from
1898 to 1900. Several other explorers followed.
§ 3. From 1901 to 1904 Captain Scott journeyed in his ship '
Discovery. Once on land, they travelled further south than anyone had
done before. A little later, Ernest Shackleton beat this by travelling
to within 160 kilometers of the South Pole. In 1910 Captain Scott
organised his second journey, determined to reach the South Pole this
time, but for him it became an impossible goal. At the same time,
another Norwegian explorer, Roald Amundsen, made clear his intention of
reaching the South Pole. It had become a race.
§ 4. Amundsen set up his base at the eastern end of the Ross
Ice Barrier and, using teams of dogs to pull his sledges, reached the
Pole on 14 December, 1911. Meanwhile, Scott and his team had their
start delayed by bad weather. When they did set off they had to pull
their sledges themselves, as Scott was against animal labour. It went
from bad to worse and when at last they reached the South Pole, it was
a month after Amundsen's arrival. The return was just as difficult.
They struggled against the weather and their own weakness, until they
died only a few kilometres from their base.
§ 5. Other outstanding explorations were carried out: one by
Admiral Byrd in 1929, when he flew over the South Pole, the British
trip of 1934, which made the first maps of any part of the Antarctic,
and the American Navy expedition of 1940. During this one, they sailed
round the entire continent and large areas were photographed from the
air.
Выберите вариант ответа, соответствующий содержанию текста.
Al. The expeditions to the Antarctic
1) attracted participants from all over the world.
2) were usually large-scale operations.
3) discovered other continents in the southern hemisphere.
A2. In the 18th century they learned that the Antarctic
1) was a very large continent.
2) was not as large as people believed.
3) had a long coastline.
A3. In the 1800's many explorers saw
1) the great ice-barrier.
2) the Southern part of the Antarctic.
3) parts of the coastline.
A4. The person who travelled nearest to the South Pole before 1910 was
1) Roald Amundsen.
2) Captain Scott.
3) Ernest Shackleton.
A5. The aerial photography of the Antarctic was carried out by
1) the British expedition.
2) the American Navy.
3) Admiral Byrd.
Определите, к какому параграфу текста относится каждое
из следующих утверждений.
A6. Explorers lost interest in the Antarctic for a time.
1)§1
2)§2
3)§5
A7. Scott did not believe that using dogs to pull sledges was
acceptable.
1)§2
2)§3
3)§4
A8. The explorations of the Antarctic sometimes turned into a
competition.
1)§2
2)§3
3)§4
Выберите правильный вариант перевода в соответствии с
содержанием текста.
A9. In the 18th century it was discovered to be far smaller than people
had first thought (§ 1).
1)В 18 веке выяснилось, что Антарктида меньше и находится
дальше, чем люди вначале думали.
2) В 18 веке было сделано меньше открытий, чем указывалось в первых
предположениях.
3)В 18 веке выяснилось, что Антарктида намного меньше , чем
считалось раньше.
A10. Meanwhile, Scott and his team had their start delayed by bad
weather(§ 4).
1) Между тем, Скотт и его команда откладывали начало своей
экспедиции до наступления плохой погоды.
2) Между тем начало экспедиции Скотта и его команды
было отложено из-за плохой погоды.
3) Между тем из-за плохой погоды Скотт и его команда вначале не могли
продвигаться быстро.
All. Once on land, they travelled further south than anyone had done
before (§3).
1) Высадившись на сушу, они продвигались в южном направлении дальше,
чем кто- либо до них.
2) Однажды они высадились на сушу и продвинулись в южном
направлении дальше, чем кто- либо до них.
3) Они продвинулись в южном направлении дальше, чем кто-либо
до них и лишь однажды высадились на сушу.
A12. A little later, Ernest Shackleton beat this by travelling to
within 160 kilometres of the South Pole (§ 3).
1) Через некоторое время Эрнест Шаклтон побил этот рекорд, пройдя
расстояние в 160 км в направлении к южному полюсу.
2) несколько позднее Э.Ш. уступил этому рекорду, не дойдя 160
км до южного полюса.
3) Немного позже Э.Ш. превысил это достижение, подойдя на расстояние
160 км от южного полюса.
Ниже вы найдете ответы. Но не спешите туда заглядывать. Сделайте все
задания, а потом проверьте себя. Помните, что словарь должен быть
закрыт и спрятан.
Ответы 1. 2.3.3.2.2.3.2.3.2.1.3.
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