Итак, приступаем. Сегодня в разделе Грамматика рассмотрим употребление времен группы Present в значении будущего времени. Но сначала ответы на упражнения предыдущего урока.
3.1.
3.2.
1. right
1. don't belong
2. wrong - are they talking
2. is coming ... don't want
3. wrong - do you believe
3. flows
4. wrong - is trying
4. is flowing
5. right
5. Does it ever snow
6. wrong - I think
6. grow ... aren't growing
7. right
7. am learning ... is teaching
8. wrong - I usually go
8. don't need
9. enjoy ... am not enjoying
10. don't believe him
Возникли вопросы - пишите на danila.losev@yandex.ru
a) Present Continuous в значении будущего времени
Рассмотрим ситуацию:
Смотрим в дневник Тома:
He isplaying tennis on Monday afternoon.
He isgoing to the dentist on Tuesday morning.
He ishaving dinner with Ann on Friday.
Во всех этих примерах Том уже решил и назначил время для того чтобы все сделать.
Когда Вы говорите о вещах, которые только что решили сделать, используйте PresentContinuous (I am doing). Не используйте PresentSimple (I do)
A: What are you doing tomorrow evening?
B: I'mgoing to the theatre.
A: Are you playing football tomorrow?
B: Yes, but Tom isn'tplaying.
A: Ann iscoming tomorrow.
B: Oh, is she? What time is she arriving?
A: At 10.15
B: Are you meeting her at the station?
A: I can't. I'mworking tomorrow morning.
Также возможно использовать going to (do) в таких предложениях:
What are you goingtodo tomorrow evening?
Tom isgoingtoplay Tennis on Monday afternoon.
Обычно Present Continuous используется для разговора о договоренностях. Не используйте will, чтобы сказать о том, что Вы собираетесь сделать:
What are you doing this evening?
Alex isgetting married next month.
b) Present Simple в значении будущего времени. Мы используем Present Simple, когда говорим о расписаниях, программах и т.д. (например общественный транспорт, кино):
What time does the film begin?
The train leaves Plymouth at 10.30 and arrives in London at 13.45.
The football match starts at 8 o'clock.
Tomorrow is Wednesday.
Но мы не используем Present Simple для разговора о личных договоренностях:
What time are you meeting Ann?
Рассмотрим примеры:
- Do you like London? (not 'are you liking')
- He doen'tunderstand (not 'he isn't understanding')
- These shoes belong to me
- What do you think Tom will do? (= What do you believe he will do?)
но: What are you thinking about? (= What is going on in your mind?)
Несколько упражнений на закрепление пройденного материала :) С неясностями - как обычно - на e-mail.
4.1. Ваш друг планирует в скором времени отправиться в отпуск. Вы спрашиваете о его планах. Используйте слова в скобках для составления вопросов.
Пример:
(where/go?) Where are you going?
1.
(how long / stay?)
2.
(when / leave?)
3.
(go / alone?)
4.
(go / by car?)
5.
(where / stay?)
4.2. Теперь поставьте глагол в правильную форму, выбирая между Present Continuous (I am doing) и Present Simple (I do):
Пример:
We are going (go) to the theatre this evening.
Does the film begin (the film / begin) at 3.30 or 4.30.
1.
We _____________ (have) a party next Saturday. Would you like to come?
2.
I _________ (not / go) away for my holidays next month because I haven't got enough money. _____ (you / go) away?
3.
The concert this evening ______ (start) at 7.30
4.
George, is it true that you ___________ (get) married next week?
5.
The art exhibition _________ (open) on 3 May and ________ (finish) on 15 July.
6.
What time __________ (the next train/leave)?
7.
Ann, we __________ (go) to town. ___________ (you / come) with us?
2) Text
Сегодня продолжаем тему почерка.
Width and narrowness
In normal writing the distance between the downstrokes of small letters is equal to the height. Wide writing indicates a warm and vivacious person, whereas narrow writing shows timidity and perhaps inhibition in personal relationships.
Connectedness
When four or more letters are written with one stroke the writing is considered to be connected. Breaks for dotting 'i's and crossing 't's do not count. It generally means a co-operative nature, but can mean over-adaptability and a tendency to follow the crowd. In disconnected script, less than four letters are written with one stroke of the pen. It tends to mean an intuitive, self reliant and individualistic personality. The negative aspects of such characteristics are egocentricity, inconsistency or loneliness.
Текст не мене сложный, чем в прошлый раз, но отрывок меньше. Попробуйте перевести сами. Вот словарик:
DIVORCED FATHER: "When you go back to your Mom's tonight, give her this envelope and tell her that since you are now 18, this is the last check she'll ever see from me for child support. Then, stand back and watch the expression on her face." Later...
DAUGHTER: "Mom, Dad asked me to give you this envelope. He said to tell you that since I'm now 18, this is the last child support payment he'll ever have to make to you. Now I'm supposed to stand back and watch the expression on your face."
DIVORCED MOTHER: "Next time you visit your father, tell him that after 18 years I have decided to inform him that he's not your father... then, stand back and watch the expression on his face."
:-)
и заметки молочника:
"Real Notes to British Milkmen":
* Dear Milkman, I've just had a baby, please leave another one. * Please leave an extra pint of paralysed milk. * Cancel one pint after the day after today. * Please don't leave any more milk. All they do is drink it. * Milkman, please close the gate behind you because the birds keep pecking the tops off the milk. * Milkman, please could I have a loaf but not bread today. * Please cancel milk. I have nothing coming into the house but two sons on the dole. * Sorry not
to have paid your bill before, but my wife had a baby and I've been carrying it around in my pocket for weeks. * Sorry about yesterday's note. I didn't mean one egg and a dozen pints, but the other way round. * When you leave my milk knock on my bedroom window and wake me because I want you to give me a hand to turn the mattress. * Please knock. My TV's broken down and I missed last night's Coronation Street. If you saw it, will you tell me what happened over a cup of tea.
* My daughter says she wants a milkshake. Do you do it before you deliver or do I have to shake the bottle? * Please send me a form for cheap milk, for I have a baby two months old and did not know about it until a neighbour told me. * Please send me details about cheap milk as I am stagnant. Milk is needed for the baby. Father is unable to supply it. * From now on please leave two pints every other day and one pint on the days in between, except Wednesdays and Saturdays when I don't
want any milk. * My back door is open. Please put milk in fridge, get money out of cup in drawer and leave change on kitchen table in pence, because we want to play bingo tonight. * Please leave no milk today. When I say today, I mean tomorrow, for I wrote this note yesterday. * When you leave the milk please put the coal on the boiler, let dog out and put newspaper inside the screen door. PS. Don't leave any milk. * No milk. Please do not leave milk at No. 14 either as he is
dead until further notice.