Изучаем английский язык, читая оригиналы.

Ernest Hemingway. The old man and the sea.

ISSUE 11

 

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Произведения данной рассылки адаптируются по методу чтения Ильи Франка следующим образом: текст разбит на отрывки, каждый из которых повторяется дважды: сначала идет английский текст с «подсказками» — с вкрапленным в него дословным русским переводом и лексико-грамматическим комментарием, а затем — тот же текст, но уже неадаптированный, без подсказок.

Начинающие осваивать английский язык могут при этом читать сначала отрывок текста с подсказками, а затем тот же отрывок — без подсказок. Совершенствующие свой английский могут поступать наоборот: читать текст без подсказок, по мере необходимости подглядывая в подсказки.

Запоминание слов и выражений происходит при этом за счет их повторяемости, без зубрежки. Кроме того, читатель привыкает к логике английского языка, начинает его «чувствовать».

Подробнее о методе чтения Ильи Франка вы сможете узнать на его сайте.

Заглядывайте иногда на мою домашнюю страничку. Там вы сможете найти архив рассылки, ознакомиться с дальнейшими планами и, возможно, найти для себя интересную информацию.

Issue #11.

It encouraged him to talk (разговор его ободрял; encourage – ободрять, поощрять) because his back had stiffened in the night (потому что спина одеревенела за ночь; stiffen – закалять, укреплять; делать жестким) and it hurt truly now (и сейчас она сильно болела; truly – по настоящему, в полном смысле слова).

"Stay at my house if you like (оставайся в моем доме = побудь со мной, если хочешь), bird," he said. "I am sorry I cannot hoist the sail and take you in with the small breeze that is rising (мне жаль, что я не могу поднять парус и отвезти тебя туда /на сушу/ на попутном легком ветерке, который усиливается). But I am with a friend (но я с другом)."

Just then the fish gave a sudden lurch that pulled the old man down onto the bow (в этот момент рыба неожиданно дернула так, что старик упал на нос лодки) and would have pulled him overboard if he bad not braced himself (и потянула бы его за борт, если бы он не уперся; brace oneself – собираться с духом, концентрироваться) and given some line (и не отдал немного бечевы).

The bird had flown up when the line jerked (птица взлетела, когда бечева дернулась; fly) and the old man had not even seen him go (а старик даже не заметил, как она улетела). He felt the line carefully with his right hand (он пощупал бечеву осторожно правой рукой) and noticed his hand was bleeding (и заметил, что из руки идет кровь).

"Something hurt him then (что-то сделало ей больно)," he said aloud and pulled back on the line to see if he could turn the fish (сказал он вслух и потянул бечеву на себя, чтобы проверить, не сможет ли он повернуть рыбу). But when he was touching the breaking point (но когда он приблизился к точке разрыва = натянул бечеву до отказа) he held steady and settled back against the strain of the line (он крепко держал ее и вернулся в прежнее положение, в котором была натянута леска).

encourage [in’kAriG], stiffen [stifn]

It encouraged him to talk because his back had stiffened in the night and it hurt truly now.

"Stay at my house if you like, bird," he said. "I am sorry I cannot hoist the sail and take you in with the small breeze that is rising. But I am with a friend."

Just then the fish gave a sudden lurch that pulled the old man down onto the bow and would have pulled him overboard if he bad not braced himself and given some line.

The bird had flown up when the line jerked and the old man had not even seen him go. He felt the line carefully with his right hand and noticed his hand was bleeding.

"Something hurt him then," he said aloud and pulled back on the line to see if he could turn the fish. But when he was touching the breaking point he held steady and settled back against the strain of the line.

"You're feeling it now, fish (чувствуешь это сейчас, рыба = худо тебе, рыба)," he said. "And so, God knows, am I (и, бог свидетель, я тоже)."

He looked around for the bird now (он посмотрел вокруг в поисках птицы) because he would have liked him for company (потому что ему нравилась ее компания). The bird was gone (птица исчезла = ее нигде не было).

You did not stay long (не на долго ты осталась), the man thought. But it is rougher where you are going (но там, куда ты полетела, резче /ветер/) until you make the shore (пока ты не доберешься до берега). How did I let the fish cut me with that one quick pull he made (каким образом я позволил рыба порезать меня одним быстрым рывком, который она сделала)? I must be getting very stupid (я, должно быть, становлюсь очень глупым = глупею). Or perhaps I was looking at the small bird (или, возможно, я смотрел на птичку) and thinking of him (и думал о ней). Now I will pay attention to my work (сейчас я буду уделять внимание = сосредоточусь на своей работе) and then I must eat the tuna (а затем я должен съесть тунца) so that I will not have a failure of strength (чтобы меня не подвели силы).

"I wish the boy were here and that I had some salt (жаль, что со мной нет мальчика, и у меня нет немного соли)," he said aloud.

rough [rAf], quick [kwik], stupid [stjHpid]

"You're feeling it now, fish," he said. "And so, God knows, am I."

He looked around for the bird now because he would have liked him for company. The bird was gone.

You did not stay long, the man thought. But it is rougher where you are going until you make the shore. How did I let the fish cut me with that one quick pull he made? I must be getting very stupid. Or perhaps I was looking at the small bird and thinking of him. Now I will pay attention to my work and then I must eat the tuna so that I will not have a failure of strength.

"I wish the boy were here and that I had some salt," he said aloud.

Shifting the weight of the line to his left shoulder (держа вес бечевы на левом плече) and kneeling carefully (и стоя осторожно на коленях) he washed his hand in the ocean (он помыл руки в океане) and held it there, submerged (и держал их там, погруженными; submerge – окунать, опускать в воду), for more than a minute (больше, чем на минуту) watching the blood trail away (наблюдая, как кровь растекается; trail away – становиться бледнее, тише, слабее) and the steady movement of the water against his hand as the boat moved (и как ровное движение воды обмывает его руку, пока движется лодка).

"He has slowed much (она сильно замедлила ход)," he said.

The old man would have liked to keep his hand in the salt water longer (старик хотел бы оставить руку в соленой воде подольше) but he was afraid of another sudden lurch by the fish (но он боялся очередного неожиданного рывка рыбы) and he stood up (он встал) and braced himself (связал себя /леской/) and held his hand up against the sun (и выставил руку на солнце). It was only a line burn that had cut his flesh (это был всего лишь ожог от лески, который порезал руку: «плоть»). But it was in the working part of his hand (но это было в рабочей части ладони). He knew he would need his hands before this was over (он знал, что ему понадобятся его руки до того, как все это кончится) and he did not like to be cut before it started (и ему не нравилось быть порезанным до того, как это все началось).

ocean [quSn], submerge [sqb’mWG], salt [sLlt]

Shifting the weight of the line to his left shoulder and kneeling carefully he washed his hand in the ocean and held it there, submerged, for more than a minute watching the blood trail away and the steady movement of the water against his hand as the boat moved.

"He has slowed much," he said.

The old man would have liked to keep his hand in the salt water longer but he was afraid of another sudden lurch by the fish and he stood up and braced himself and held his hand up against the sun. It was only a line burn that had cut his flesh. But it was in the working part of his hand. He knew he would need his hands before this was over and he did not like to be cut before it started.

"Now," he said, when his hand had dried (сказал он, когда его рука высохла), "I must eat the small tuna (я должен съесть маленького тунца). I can reach him with the gaff (я могу дотянутся до него багром) and eat him here in comfort (и съесть его здесь в комфорте)."

He knelt down and found the tuna under the stem with the gaff (он опустился на колени и нащупал тунец под носом лодки багром) and drew it toward him keeping it clear of the coiled lines (и вытащил его к себе, держа его подальше от мотков лески). Holding the line with his left shoulder again (снова держа леску на левом плече), and bracing on his left hand and arm (и опираясь на свою левую кисть и руку; hand – кисть; arm – рука /от плеча до кисти/), he took the tuna off the gaff hook (он снял тунца с крючка багра) and put the gaff back in place (и положил багор обратно на место). He put ane knee on the fish (он поставил одно колено на рыбу; ane = one) and cut strips of dark red meat longitudinally from the back of the head to the tail (и отрезал полоски темно-красного мяса вдоль: от затылка до хвоста; longitudinally – вдоль, в длину). They were wedge-shaped strips (они были клинообразными полосками; wedge - клин) and he cut them from next to the back bone down to the edge of the belly (и он резал их от позвоночника вниз к краю брюха). When he had cut six strips he spread them out on the wood of the bow (когда он нарезал шесть полосок, он разложил их на досках лодки), wiped his knife on his trousers (вытер свой нож о брюки), and lifted the carcass of the bonito by the tail and dropped it overboard (поднял скелет: «каркас» тунца за хвост и швырнул его за борт).

longitudinally [lOnGi’tjHdinli], wedge [weG], carcass [kRkqs]

"Now," he said, when his hand had dried, "I must eat the small tuna. I can reach him with the gaff and eat him here in comfort."

He knelt down and found the tuna under the stem with the gaff and drew it toward him keeping it clear of the coiled lines. Holding the line with his left shoulder again, and bracing on his left hand and arm, he took the tuna off the gaff hook and put the gaff back in place. He put ane knee on the fish and cut strips of dark red meat longitudinally from the back of the head to the tail. They were wedge-shaped strips and he cut them from next to the back bone down to the edge of the belly. When he had cut six strips he spread them out on the wood of the bow, wiped his knife on his trousers, and lifted the carcass of the bonito by the tail and dropped it overboard.

"I don't think I can eat an entire one (не думаю, что смогу съесть целиком /полоску/; entire – полный, целый. весь)," he said and drew his knife across one of the strips (сказал он и перерезал одну полоску пополам). He could feel the steady hard pull of the line (он чувствовал ровное крепкое натяжение бечевы) and his left hand was cramped (а его левую руку свело). It drew up tight on the heavy cord (она крепко сжимала тяжелую веревку) and he looked at it in disgust (и он смотрел на нее с отвращением; disgust – отвращение, омерзение).

"What kind of a hand is that (ну что это за рука)," he said. "Cramp then if you want (затекай тогда, если хочешь). Make yourself into a claw (преврати себя в лапу; claw – коготь; лапа). It will do you no good (это тебе не поможет: «не сделает ничего хорошего»)."

Come on (давай же), he thought and looked down into the dark water at the slant of the line (подумал он и посмотрел в темную воду, куда под наклоном уходила бечева). Eat it now and it will strengthen the hand (съешь его сейчас, и это укрепит твою руку). It is not the hand's fault (рука не виновата) and you have been many hours with the fish (ты уже много часов с рыбой). But you can stay with him forever (но ты можешь остаться с ней вечно). Eat the bonito now (ешь тунца сейчас же).

He picked up a piece and put it in his mouth and chewed it slowly (он взял кусочек и положил его в рот и медленно начал жевать). It was not unpleasant (он не был неприятным).

entire [in’taiq], disgust [dis’gAst], claw [klL]

"I don't think I can eat an entire one," he said and drew his knife across one of the strips. He could feel the steady hard pull of the line and his left hand was cramped. It drew up tight on the heavy cord and he looked at it in disgust.

"What kind of a hand is that," he said. "Cramp then if you want. Make yourself into a claw. It will do you no good."

Come on, he thought and looked down into the dark water at the slant of the line. Eat it now and it will strengthen the hand. It is not the hand's fault and you have been many hours with the fish. But you can stay with him forever. Eat the bonito now.

He picked up a piece and put it in his mouth and chewed it slowly. It was not unpleasant.

Chew it well (жуй хорошенько), he thought, and get all the juices (и получи все соки). It would not be bad to eat with a little lime or with lemon or with salt (было бы неплохо есть его с лаймом, лимоном или солью).

"How do you feel, hand (как ты себя чувствуешь, рука)?" he asked the cramped hand that was almost as stiff as rigor mortis (которая была так же тверда, как окоченевший труп; rigor mortis – лат. rigidity of death – твердость смерти). "I'll eat some more for you (я съем еще для тебя).”

He ate the other part of the piece that he had cut in two (он съел другую часть куска, который он разрезал пополам). He chewed it carefully and then spat out the skin (он осторожно разжевал его, а затем выплюнул кожу; spit).

"How does it go, hand (как дела, рука)? Or is it too early to know (или еще слишком рано, чтобы знать)?"

rigor mortis [‘rigq ‘mLtis]

Chew it well, he thought, and get all the juices. It would not be bad to eat with a little lime or with lemon or with salt.

"How do you feel, hand?" he asked the cramped hand that was almost as stiff as rigor mortis. "I'll eat some more for you.

He ate the other part of the piece that he had cut in two. He chewed it carefully and then spat out the skin.

"How does it go, hand? Or is it too early to know?"

He took another full piece and chewed it (он взял другой целый кусок и прожевал его).

"It is a strong full-blooded fish (это сильная полнокровная рыба)," he thought. "I was lucky to get him instead of dolphin (мне повезло, что я поймал ее, а не дельфина: «вместо дельфина»). Dolphin is too sweet (дельфин слишком сладкий). This is hardly sweet at all (а эта едва ли сладкая; hardly – едва ли, вряд ли) and all the strength is still in it (и вся ее сила = питательность все еще в ней)."

There is no sense in being anything but practical though (нет смысла ни в чем, кроме того, чтобы быть практичным), he thought. I wish I had some salt (жаль, что у меня нет соли). And I do not know whether the sun will rot or dry what is left (и я не знаю, сгниет ли то, что осталось, под солнцем, или высушится) so I had better eat it all although I am not hungry (так что мне лучше ее съесть все, хотя я и не голоден). The fish is calm and steady (рыба /марлинь/ спокойна и ровна = ведет себя спокойно). I will eat it all and then I will be ready (я съем всего тунца, и тогда я буду готов).

"Be patient, hand (наберись терпения, рука)," he said. "I do this for you (я делаю это для тебя)."

hardly [hRdli], patient [peiSqnt]

He took another full piece and chewed it.

"It is a strong full-blooded fish," he thought. "I was lucky to get him instead of dolphin. Dolphin is too sweet. This is hardly sweet at all and all the strength is still in it."

There is no sense in being anything but practical though, he thought. I wish I had some salt. And I do not know whether the sun will rot or dry what is left, so I had better eat it all although I am not hungry. The fish is calm and steady. I will eat it all and then I will be ready.

"Be patient, hand," he said. "I do this for you."

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Изучаем английский язык, читая оригиналы.