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Andrey

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Английский - Полный аудиокурс. От фонетики до живой речи 2008.77.3


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Английский - От фонетики до живой речи. 1000 слов
Аудио 3 : http://mltr.ifolder.ru/5318918

Dialog 68. I still have mine.

Диалог 68.  Моё по-прежнему со мной.

John asked, "Got anything to cure fleas on a dog?"

Джон спрашивает, "Есть что-нибудь, чтобы вылечить блох на собаке?"
"That depends," the absent-minded vet replied. "What's wrong with them?" "Как сказать", ответил рассеянный ветеринар. "Что у них болит?"
   
I'm stupid.
So am I.
I'm not clever.
Neither am I.		 Я глуп.
Я также.
Я не умён.
Я также ("не также есть я").
I want some coffee.
So do I.
I don't want any tea.
Neither do I.		 Я хочу кофе.
Я также.
Я не хочу чая ("я не хочу никакого чая").
Я также.
   

A little boy went up to his father and asked: "Dad, where did all of my intelligence come from?"

Маленький мальчик пришёл к отцу и спросил: "Пап, откуда взялась вся моя сообразительность?"

The father replied: "Well, son, you must have gotten it from your mother, 'cause I still have mine."

Отец ответил: "Ну, сын, ты должно быть получил её от твоей матери, потому что моя всё ещё со мной."
   
I've got a cold.
So have I.
I haven't got a headache.
Neither have I.		 Я простудился ("я имею холодность").
Я также.
У меня не болит голова ("я не имею головную боль")
Я также нет.

I can't speak Danish.
Neither can I.
I saw George Bush last night.
So did I.

Я не могу говорить на Датском.
Я также не могу.
Я видел Джорджа Буша прошлым вечером.
Я также ("делал").
I was at the party last night.
So was I.
I wasn't tired this morning.
Neither was I.		 Я был на вечеринке прошлым вечером.
Я также был.
Я не был утомлённым этим утром.
Я также не был.

 

Grammar 28

Verb
Изъявительное наклонение - The Indicative Mood ("указательная тональность") - описывает факты и состояния.

I go to the school. - Я иду в школу.
I'm happy. - Я счастлив.

I did this work yesterday. - Я сделал эту работу вчера.
I shall come tomorrow. - Я приду завтра.
 


Сослагательное наклонение - The Subjunctive Mood ("предположительная тональность") - выражает желания, предположения, сомнения или возможность.


I wish I were younger. - Хотел бы я быть помоложе.
I would like to see him. - Я хотел бы увидеть его. - вежливая просьба

If he were here I would see him. - Если бы он был здесь, я бы с ним увиделся. - относится к текущему моменту
If he had been here I would have seen him. Если бы он был здесь, я бы с ним увиделся. - относится к прошедшему
 

Повелительное наклонение - The Imperative Mood ("повелительная тональность ") - выражает приказания или просьбы.

Ask! - Спрашивайте. Спрашивай.
Don't smoke here. - He курите здесь.
Open the window! - Открой окно.
Open the window, please. - Откройте, пожалуйста, окно.
 

Условное наклонение - Conditional Mood

The conditional mood is the form of the verb used in conditional sentences to refer to a hypothetical state of affairs, or an uncertain event that is contingent on another set of circumstances. The conditional mood is thus similar to the subjunctive mood.

Условное наклонение - это форма глагола, используемая в условных предложениях, чтобы описать предположительное состояние дел, или сомнительное событие, зависимое от какого-либо другого набора обстоятельств. Условное наклонение похоже на сослагательное.

  Настоящее время - should, would + Infinitive

"If monsieur would like to order something, we would do it on the most reasonable terms."
"Если господин желает заказать что-то, мы сделаем это на самых благоразумных условиях."

we would do it
мы бы делать это / мы хотели бы делать это
 

If I had time, I should often come to see you.
Если бы у меня было время, я бы часто ходил навещать тебя.

I should often come
я бы часто приходить / я должен бы часто приходить

 

  Прошедшее время - should, would + Perfect Infinitive

"But you can't hide traces of contamination.
If it's around here, we would have found it. "
"Но не спрячешь следы заражения.
Если оно здесь поблизости, мы обнаружили бы его.

we would have found it
мы бы имеем обнаружено это


If we had taken our writing-books with us, we should have written down the words.
Если бы мы взяли с собой наши тетради, то записали бы слова.

we should have written down
мы бы имеем записанные

Grammar Reference. Unit 2.

2.3 State verbs
1. There are certain groups of verbs that are usually only used in the Present Simple. This is because their meanings are related to states or conditions that are facts and not activities. This is a feature of the use of the Present Simple. The groups of verbs are:

  Verbs of thinking and opinions

believe, think, understand, suppose, expect, agree, doubt, know, remember, forget, mean, imagine, realize, deserve, prefer

I believe you.
Do you understand?
I know his face, but I forget his name.

  Verbs of emotions and feelings

like, love, hate, care, hope, wish, want, admit

I like black coffee.
Do you want to go out?
I don't care.

  Verbs of having and being

belong, own, have, possess, contain, cost, seem, appear, need, depend on, weigh, come from, resemble

This book belongs to Jane.
How much does it cost?
He has a lot of money.

  Verbs of the senses

look, hear, taste, smell, feel

The food smells good.

We often use can when the subject is a person.

Can you smell something burning?
I can hear someone crying.

2. Some of these verbs can be used in the Present Continuous, but with a change of meaning. In the Continuous, the verb expresses an activity, not a state.

I think you're right. We're thinking of going to the cinema.
opinion mental activity
He has a lot of money. She's having a bad day.
possession activity
I see what you mean. Are you seeing Nigel tomorrow?
understand activity
The soup tastes awful. I'm tasting the soup to see if it needs salt.
state activity

 

2.4 Introduction to the Passive

Form: to be + past participle

The tense of the verb to be changes to give different tenses in the passive.

A party is being held by the Smiths next week. (Present Continuous Passive)
Me neighbour is invited to their party every year. (Present Simple Passive)
He was invited last year, I wasn't. (Present Perfect Passive)
I'd love to be invited to their party. (Passive infinitive)

Use:

1. Passive sentences move the focus from the subject to the object of active sentences.

Alfred Hitchcock directed Psycho in 1960.
Psycho, one of the classic thrillers of all times, was directed by Alfred Hitchcock.

The passive is not just another way of expressing the same sentence in the active. We choose the active or the passive depending on what we are more interested in. In the first sentence, we are more interested in Alfred Hitchcock. In the second sentence, Psycho has moved to the beginning of the sentence because we are more interested in the film.

2. By and the agent are often omitted in passive sentence if the agent

is not known : My apartment was robbed last night.
is not important : The bridge was built in 1999.
is obvious : I was fined hundred dollars for speeding.

3. The passive is associated with an impersonal, formal style. It's often used in notices and announcements.

Customers are requested to refrain from smoking.
It has been noticed that reference books have been removed from the library.

4. In informal language, we often use you, we, they to refer to people in general or to no person in particular. In this way, we can avoid using the passive.

You can buy stamps in lots of shops, not just the post offices.
They're building a new department store in the city centre.
We speak English in this shop.

Be careful! Many past participles are used as adjectives.

I'm very interested in modern arts.
We were extremely worried about you.
I'm exhausted! I've been working hard all day.

2.5 Present Simple and Present Continuous Passive

Form:
Present Simple Passive : am/is/are + past participle
Present Continuous Passive : am/is/are + being + past participle

It is mended.
It is being mended.

They are mended.
They are being mended.

The uses are the same in the passive as in the active.

My car is serviced every six month. (habit)
Computers are used in all areas of life and work. (fact that is always true)
Sorry about the mess. The house is being renovated at the moment. (activity happening now)

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